英文文法真的很重要嗎？

2016/08/29

written by Ethan

我們在說英文的時候,常常覺得只要能夠溝通就好了。所以總是把訓練重心放在聽力和口說（或是像Ethan老師以前直接用台式英文，哈哈），相對來說文法好像就不是這麼重要了，是吧？果真如此嗎？那我們來看一下men's talk（男人間的聊天）：

Niel: I asked that ice queen Bella to hang out with me tonight, and you know what? She said yes!!
Max: I wouldn't do that if I were you. Do you know what happened last year when Evan tried to break up with her? He almost got killed!!!
尼爾：我問冰山美女貝拉今晚要不要和我出去，你知道嗎？她居然答應了！！
邁克司：如果我是你的話，我不會這麼做。你知道去年依凡試著和她分手嗎？他差點被幹掉了！！！
不到10秒鐘的對話你可知道有幾個很重要的文法包含在裡面？

●簡單過去式: asked, said, happened, tried
●片語動詞: hang out, break up
●假設語氣-和現在相反: S would V if S Ved or If S Ved, S would V
●過去被動式: got p.p = was/were p.p.
●俚語: ice queen = ice cream冷漠,態度高傲的女人（冰山美女）

有沒有嚇到？真的假的？沒有看錯吧？先幫你收驚…真是真的！你沒有看錯！
即使只是一句簡單的對話，也能偷藏了那麼多的文法句型。你還在認為文法程度對聽說能力沒有影響嗎？我們現在就來一一拆解這裡的文法吧。Good luck with English grammar!

ask （動詞）：問問題(A ask B something)；要求（句型是A ask B to V）
ask是規則動詞，三態： ask asked asked

Ex: I asked my brother a stupid question, and he completely ignored me.
- 我問了弟弟一個蠢問題，他完全不理會我。
Ex: I asked my brohter to clean my bedroom for me, and he said, "Not in a million years."
- 我要求弟我幫我清理房間，他說「門都沒有」。

say (動詞): 說(A say something), what to say該說什麼，該如何說
ask是不規則動詞, 三態: say said said

Ex: It's hard for me to say "no" whenever I get invited to a wedding ceremony.
- 每次受邀參加婚禮我都很難拒絕。
Ex: Ethan forgot what to say when he proposed to his girlfriend last night.
- 依森昨晚在向他女友求婚的時候忘了該說什麼。

動詞的過去式,可以分兩種:規則,不規則
1.規則動詞 +ed, 或者字尾只有y一個母音(不是-ay, -ey,-oy, -uy)去掉+ied
2.不規則動詞:當然就沒有規則,而且幾乎是常用動詞…

動詞變化(規則vs 不規則)

規則動詞	+ed	不規則動詞	i ->a (只變母音)
decide	decided	babysit	babysat
listen	listened	begin	began
play	played	drink	drank
talk	talked	give	gave
try	tried	sing	sang
wait	waited	sit	sat
work	worked	swim	swam

有發現嗎?不規則動詞還是有一些規律性的喔注意右邊兩排的變化就知道!!!
還有一些常見的變化我們來注意一下:

不規則動詞	i_e ->o_e	不規則動詞	_ee_->e_t
drive	drove	feel	felt
ride	rode	meet	met
write	wrote	sleep	slept
hide	hid	feed	fed
bite	bit
不規則動詞	ow->ew	不規則動詞	_ea_->_o_e
blow	blew	bear	bore
grow	grew	steal	stole
know	knew	tear	tore
throw	threw	wear	wore

片語動詞就是一個動詞加一個介副詞 (out, in, on, up, around, off, down等等) 構成的動詞

Ex: hang out (和某人) 出去: Elsa hangs out with her sister Anna after dinner.
Ex: hang in (堅持住) : Hang in there. We will reach the peak (山頂) soon.
Ex: hang on (稍等) : Hang on. I'll be with you in a second.
Ex: hang up (掛電話) : Don't hang up the phone yet. I'm taking notes.
Ex: hang around (閒逛) : Nemo and his dad hang around the aquarim.
Ex: hang together (團結一致) : Our family hangs together when we're in trouble

假設語氣是一個以 if 為主的句子，有三種表現方式:

未來會發生: If S V, S will V

Ex: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我會待在家裡。

現在相反: If S Ved, S would V(用過去式表示但是和過去式無關)。

Ex: If it rained, I would stay at home. 如果現在有下雨,我就待在家(暗示現在沒有下雨我也不會待在家裡)。

過去相反: If S had p.p., S would have p.p.

Ex: If it had rained last night, I would have stayed at home. 如果昨晚有下雨,我就待在家裡(暗示昨晚沒有下雨, 我就沒有沒有待在家裡)。

俚語大解析

俚語: 英文除了吸收很多不同語言也延伸出自己獨特的表達方式

Ex: Dutch courage (酒膽;酒後逞英雄)
Ex: Pardon/Excuse my French (原諒我口出惡言)
Ex: Aussie (澳洲人)
Ex: Indian summer (秋老虎;事業的第二春)
Ex: Chinese puzzle (複雜的狀況)
Ex: American plan (住宿包餐飲)

情境故事分享：

A: As a leading actor, Josh Taylor is enjoying an Indian summer with her first movie.
B: You mean the Aussie guy who just moved the U.S.? Who the hell does he think he is? Pardon my French, though.
A: It's not like a Chinese puzzle kind of thing. He's worked so hard and I think he deserves it. By the way, would you like to have an American plan for your trip to Bali Island? I heard there's a discount for spring package.
B: I'd love to, but I need the Dutch courage to ask Andrea to join us. You know how much I like her.

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