IELTS雅思聽力「標記圖表題」解題2招11步

標示地圖題

「標示地圖題」(labeling a map)是一種常見的標示圖表題。針對地圖題，考生在平常練習時，應該先熟練描述「空間位置」與「報路」的常見語言。

描述「空間位置」常見語言：

at the top / at the bottom
on the left / on the right / on the far side
North / South / East / West
in the southwest / in the northeast
in the middle of / in the centre of
above / below
inside / outside
opposite / in front of
left-hand side / right-hand side
clockwise / anticlockwise
a little beyond / just past

「報路」常用動詞：

get to
move / walk / carry on
turn
cross
miss
reach

掌握這些字彙後，讓我們用以下的例題說明解題步驟：

From section 1:
Write the correct letter A-H next to questions 8-10.
Where are the following blocks of flats situated?

8. Eastern Towers _______
9. Granby Mansions _______
10. Busby Garden _______

Step 1：分析地圖

注意街道、建築物、橋樑等地理特徵。留意敘述的「起始點」。預測說話者會提到的字詞。

Step 2：注意聽開頭

當聽力開始後，注意聽開頭的地方，因為說話者會先說明聽力內容的脈絡。了解聽力的內容主題之後，接下來的細節會比較容易聽懂。

Step 3：手指著地圖

當說話者描述時，可以邊聽邊用手指著地圖上說話者敘述的地方，比較不會迷失位置。

Step 4：注意「信號詞」(signposting words)

留意信號詞例如then 或and if you follow along。這些字表示說話者將繼續講下一個點或階段。

Step 5：注意干擾選項

地圖題的干擾選項通常是其它的建築物。在聽力播放時，用手指著現在的位置可以減少選到干擾選項的機會。

聽力稿：

M: Are you looking to move into a flat soon?
W: I hope so, yes.

M: The thing is, we have a few flats at the moment that we'd like to get rented out by the end of the month.
W: I see.

M: They're all good flats, and at the price you want. There's one in Eastern Towers, one in Granby Mansions and another in Busby Garden. All three are nice blocks of flat.
W: Could you tell me where they are? I'm at the train station at the moment.

M: Eastern Towers, if you're coming from the stations, isn't very far. Cross over City Bridge. Then go left, and where the road divides, you want the right-hand fork. You'll see Eastern Towers on the left side of the road. It's a lovely, with trees around it.
W: That sounds nice. What about Granby Mansions?

M: The best way to get there from the station is probably to go down River Road and cross over Old Bridge. The road bends to the right, round the park, and if you follow along, you'll find it there, on the left side. That's a great location, with lovely views of the park.
W: Very nice. And you said there was one more?

M: Busby Garden, yes. OK, from the station, cross over City Bridge, keep going through the first crossroads until you come to the second crossroads. Busby Garden will be facing you, over to the right side. It's very convenient for the shops.
W: Fine. Thank you. Well, I'll see you on Saturday.

根據說話者的敘述，Eastern Towers的位置是B。Granby Mansions的位置是H。Busby Garden的位置則是E。

其它標示圖表題

另一類型的標示圖表題，則常使用填充題的方式。這些圖表題通常描述物體的結構，例如人體、物體、建築物等。請看以下的例題：

From section 2:
Label the diagram. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Step 1：仔細閱讀作答指示

注意答案的字數限制。在此題組中，每個答案不能超過三個字。

Step 2：分析圖表

與地圖題相同，在說話者開始說話前，先仔細研究圖表。學員可以留意題目的排列方式，並且注意已經被標示出來的部分。學員可試圖判斷這些已知資訊與未知資訊之間的關係。

Step 3：預測答案

利用空格前後的字判斷答案的詞性。舉例來說，第二題的optional是形容詞，所以答案應該是名詞。

Step 4：參考點

在聽力內容撥放時，利用圖表上已標示出來的部分作為「參考點」，如此才不會混淆說話者在說明或解釋的東西。與地圖題相同，可以用手指著圖表上說話者敘述的部分。

Step 5：關鍵字

利用空格前後的關鍵字，答案就在這些關鍵字附近。

Step 6：注意拼字

注意拼字正確與否。答案拼錯字將被視為錯誤答案。

聽力稿：

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Thanks for letting me come and talk to you today. My name's Bill Loman and, as most of you know, I represent Acme Office Supplies. It's our job to bring you the very best in office supplies and we do everything we can to make your working day just that little bit more pleasant.

Now, do you have to move around from one part of the building to another? Do you ever wish you could take your desk with you, along with your laptop and other essential bits and pieces? Would be great, wouldn't it? Well, now you can, with this - the Mobile Office! It's ideal for any situation where the user sits, stands or moves about.

Take a closer look at it. This is a ruggedly constructed, highly adaptable unit. At the top is a flat work surface, where you can put your laptop computer and still have plenty of room for some files or documents. And you don't need to worry about your laptop accidentally getting knocked off because the laptop area is covered with a heavy-duty anti-slip rubber. There's even an optional laptop cable lock available. What's more, you can easily rotate the surface to cater for left and right-handed users. Now, chances are you may have to carry around all sorts of other bits and pieces – pens, erasers, a stapler, a hole punch, etc. Well, the Mobile Office can help you out there, too, with a storage option under the work surface. There are a range of options available, depending on the model, but they include a single utility drawer, a double utility drawer or, as shown here, a pencil drawer.

Now, some of us are short, some of us are tall. Sometimes we need to stand, others prefer to sit. So the desktop work surface is mounted on a fully adjustable stand. This means you can vary the height of the surface between 30½ and 42½ inches. The stand is mounted on top of a five-star castor base, making the whole unit fully mobile. And if you are worried about the unit moving during use you can also opt for locking castors, keeping the whole thing as solid as a rock. The next thing I'd like you to see is this. Now, if you've got a lot of confidential documents, you can't just throw them away …

針對第一題，當我們聽到work surface時，我們就要集中注意力專心聽。然後，當我們聽到you don't need to worry about your laptop accidentally getting knocked off (你不用擔心你的筆電不小心被打翻)時，我們可以預測答案就在後面，如此我們才可以清楚地聽到heavy-duty anti-slip rubber (厚實的防滑橡膠) 這幾個字。同樣的道理，第二題當我們聽到 a storage option under the work surface (工作檯面下的儲藏空間) 以及 There are a range of options available (有很多選項) 時，我們就要集中注意力，這樣才能夠聽清楚 pencil drawer (鉛筆抽屜)這兩個字。最後第三題，當我們聽到now時，我們可以判斷說話者將進入到下一個重點，然後當我們聽到adjustable stand (可調座)，我們就需要專心，這樣我們才可以聽清楚five-star castor base (五爪腳椅)這幾個字。

總結

在本篇文章中，我們討論了如何回答雅思聽力中的「標記圖表題」。記得將以上的方法應用在實際的題目中，一起戰勝雅思考試喔！

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